List of Reptiles in Kerala

Saltwater crocodile Saltwater crocodile
( Crocodylus porosus )
"The saltwater crocodile is a crocodilian native to saltwater habitats and brackish wetlands from India's east coast across Southeast Asia and the Sundaic region to northern Australia and Micronesia. It has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List since 1996. It was hunted for its skin throughout its range up to the 1970s, and is threatened by illegal killing and habitat loss. It is regarded as dangerous for people who share the same environment. "
Mugger crocodile Mugger crocodile
( Crocodylus palustris )
"The mugger crocodile, also called marsh crocodile, broad-snouted crocodile and mugger is a crocodilian native to freshwater habitats from southern Iran to the Indian subcontinent. It is extinct in Bhutan and Myanmar and has been listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1982. "
Indian black turtle Indian black turtle
( Melanochelys trijuga )
"The Indian black turtle or Indian pond terrapin is a species of medium-sized freshwater turtle found in South Asia. "
Cochin forest cane turtle Cochin forest cane turtle
( Vijayachelys silvatica )
"The Cochin forest cane turtle, also known as Kavalai forest turtle, forest cane turtle or simply cane turtle, is a rare turtle from the Western Ghats of India. Described in 1912, its type locality is given as ""Near Kavalai in the Cochin State Forests, inhabiting dense forest, at an elevation of about 1500 feet above sea level"". Only two specimens were found at that time, and no scientist saw this turtle in the next 70 years. It was finally rediscovered in 1982, and since then a number of specimens have been found and some studies have been conducted about its affiliation and habits. "
Indian star tortoise Indian star tortoise
( Geochelone elegans )
"The Indian star tortoise is a threatened species of tortoise found in dry areas and scrub forest in India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. This species is quite popular in the exotic pet trade, which is the main reason it is endangered.The Indian star tortoise was upgraded to CITES Appendix I in 2019 by full consensus among all member states, giving it the highest level of international protection from commercial trade. Conservation group TRAFFIC found 6,040 were seized globally that were intended to be sold in the pet trade. "
Travancore tortoise Travancore tortoise
( Indotestudo travancorica )
"The Travancore tortoise is a large forest tortoise growing up to 330 millimetres (13 in) in length. It primarily feeds on grasses and herbs. It also feeds on molluscs, insects, animal carcass, fungi and fruits. It occurs in hill forests at 450–850 m elevation. Males combat by ramming their shell during their breeding season between November and March. It makes a shallow nest in the ground and lay 1-5 eggs. Hatchlings are 55–60 mm in size. The tortoise is hunted and it is threatened due to forest fires, habitat destruction and fragmentation. "
Softshell turtles Softshell turtles
( Trionychidae )
"The Trionychidae are a taxonomic family of a number of turtle genera. Softshells include some of the world's largest freshwater turtles, though many can adapt to living in highly brackish areas. Members of this family occur in Africa, Asia, and North America. Most species have traditionally been included in the genus Trionyx, but the vast majority have since been moved to other genera. Among these are the North American Apalone softshells that were placed in Trionyx until 1987. "
Leith's softshell turtle Leith's softshell turtle
( Nilssonia leithii )
"Leith's softshell turtle is a species of turtle in the family Trionychidae. The species is found in peninsular Indian rivers including the Bhavani, Godavari, and Moyar Rivers. The type locality is Pune in India. "
Indian flapshell turtle Indian flapshell turtle
( Lissemys punctata )
"The Indian flapshell turtle is a freshwater species of turtle found in South Asia. The “flap-shelled” name stems from the presence of femoral flaps located on the plastron. These flaps of skin cover the limbs when they retract into the shell. It is unclear what protection the flaps offer against predators. Indian flapshell turtles are widespread and common in the South Asian provinces. "
Cantor's giant softshell turtle Cantor's giant softshell turtle
( Pelochelys cantorii )
"The Asian giant softshell turtle, also known as Cantor's giant softshell turtle and the frog-faced softshell turtle, is a species of freshwater turtle in the family Trionychidae. The species is native to Southeast Asia. It has been considered to be among the largest extant freshwater turtles. The species is endangered and in the 20th century has disappeared from much of its former range. "
Indian narrow-headed softshell turtle Indian narrow-headed softshell turtle
( Chitra indica )
"Indian narrow-headed softshell turtle also known as small-headed softshell turtle is an endangered species of softshell turtle found in rivers of South Asia. It is very large and feeds on fish, frogs, crustaceans and molluscs, which it ambushes. In the past it was included in Chitra chitra; a species restricted to Southeast Asia using current taxonomy. "
Common green forest lizard Common green forest lizard
( Calotes calotes )
Calotes calotes is an agamid lizard found in the forests of the Western Ghats and the Shevaroy Hills in India, and Sri Lanka.
Large-scaled forest lizard Large-scaled forest lizard
( Calotes grandisquamis )
"Calotes grandisquamis, the large-scaled forest lizard, is an arboreal, diurnal, insectivorous agamid lizard found in the evergreen rainforests of the Western Ghats of India; distributed from Agumbe to Agasthyamalai Hills. "
Nilgiri forest lizard Nilgiri forest lizard
( Calotes nemoricola )
"Calotes nemoricola, the Nilgiri Forest lizard, is an agamid lizard found in the Western Ghats of India. "
Oriental garden lizard Oriental garden lizard
( Calotes versicolor )
"The oriental garden lizard, eastern garden lizard, bloodsucker or changeable lizard is an agamid lizard found widely distributed in indo-Malaya. It has also been introduced in many other parts of the world. "
Elliot's forest lizard Elliot's forest lizard
( Monilesaurus ellioti )
"Monilesaurus ellioti, or Elliot's forest lizard, is a species of arboreal, diurnal, lizard in the family Agamidae, endemic to the Western Ghats, India. "
Roux's forest lizard Roux's forest lizard
( Monilesaurus rouxii )
"Monilesaurus rouxii, commonly known as Roux's forest lizard, Roux's forest calotes, or forest blood sucker, is a species of arboreal, diurnal, agamid lizard, which is endemic to hills of peninsular India. In July 2018, it was proposed that the species should be transferred to the new genus Monilesaurus. "
Southern flying lizard Southern flying lizard
( Draco dussumieri )
"Draco dussumieri or Indian flying lizard, is a species of agamid lizard capable of gliding from tree to tree. It is found principally in the Western Ghats and some other hill forests of Southern India. They are almost completely arboreal, found on trees in forests and adjoining palm plantations where they climb trees to forage for insects and glide to adjoining trees by expanding the patagium, loose skin on the sides of the body which are supported by elongated ribs to act as wings. The skin on the sides of the neck are also extended to the sides using the hyoid bones of the tongue to support them. During the breeding season males maintain small territories which they defend from other males while courting females. Males have a more colourful patagium than females and they prominently extend their yellow dewlaps forward in display. Although living almost their entire lives on the trees, females descend to the ground to lay eggs in soil. This is the species with the western most distribution within the genus Draco, the majority of species occurring in Southeast Asia. "
Indian kangaroo lizard Indian kangaroo lizard
( Otocryptis beddomei )
"Otocryptis beddomii, commonly known as the Indian kangaroo lizard, is a diurnal, terrestrial, insectivorous agamid lizard, endemic to the Western Ghats of South India. "
Blanford's rock agama Blanford's rock agama
( Psammophilus blanfordanus )
"Blanford's rock agama is species of lizard in the family Agamidae. The species is endemic to Peninsular India. One of two species in the genus, P. blanfordanus is found mainly to the east of the distribution of P. dorsalis. Unlike the other species, the male P. blanfordanus in breeding season has the red body color restricted to the head and lacks the broad dorsal stripe. "
Peninsular rock agama Peninsular rock agama
( Psammophilus dorsalis )
"The Peninsular rock agama or South Indian rock agama is a common species of agama found on rocky hills in south India. An allied species, Psammophilus blanfordanus, is found in the Eastern Ghats, but north of the range of this species. "
Anaimalai spiny lizard Anaimalai spiny lizard
( Salea anamallayana )
"The Anaimalai spiny lizard or Anaimalais salea is a species of agamid lizard endemic to the southern Western Ghats, India. Specifically, it is found on the Anaimalai Hills and Meghamalai in the Kerala and Tamil Nadu states. "
Horsfield's spiny lizard Horsfield's spiny lizard
( Salea horsfieldii )
"The Anaimalai spiny lizard or Anaimalais salea is a species of agamid lizard endemic to the southern Western Ghats, India. Specifically, it is found on the Anaimalai Hills and Meghamalai in the Kerala and Tamil Nadu states. "
Fan-throated lizard Fan-throated lizard
( Sitana ponticeriana )
"The fan-throated lizard is a species of agamid lizard found in eastern peninsular India. It was earlier thought to be widespread but studies in 2016 resulted in the splitting of the group into several species placed in two genera. The genus Sitana has an enlarged projecting scale on the posterior side of the hind thigh which is absent in the sister genus Sarada. "
Chameleons Chameleons
( Chamaeleonidae )
Chameleons or chamaeleons are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 202 species described as of June 2015. These species come in a range of colors, and many species have the ability to change color.
Indian chameleon Indian chameleon
( Chamaeleo zeylanicus )
"The Indian chameleon is a species of chameleon found in Sri Lanka, India, and other parts of South Asia. Like other chameleons, this species has a long tongue, feet that are shaped into bifid claspers, a prehensile tail, independent eye movement, and the ability to change skin colour. They move slowly with a bobbing or swaying movement and are usually arboreal. Strangely, they do not choose the background colour and may not even be able to perceive colour differences. They are usually in shades of green or brown or with bands. They can change colour rapidly and the primary purpose of colour change is for communication with other chameleons and for controlling body temperature by changing to dark colours to absorb heat. "
Beddome's day gecko Beddome's day gecko
( Cnemaspis beddomei )
"Beddome's day gecko is a species of gecko, a lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to India. "
Slender day gecko Slender day gecko
( Cnemaspis gracilis )
"Cnemaspis gracilis, also known as the slender day gecko or graceful day gecko, is a species of gecko endemic to southern India. "
Indian day gecko Indian day gecko
( Cnemaspis indica )
"The Indian day gecko or Nilgiri dwarf gecko is a species of gecko found in India. "
Kottiyoor day gecko Kottiyoor day gecko
( Cnemaspis kottiyoorensis )
"Cnemaspis kottiyoorensis, or the Kottiyoor day gecko, is a species of diurnal gecko endemic to the Western Ghats in Kerala, India. "
Coastal day gecko Coastal day gecko
( Cnemaspis littoralis )
"The coastal day gecko is a species of gecko found in the Western Ghats of India. "
Mountain day gecko Mountain day gecko
( Cnemaspis monticola )
"Cnemaspis monticola, also known as the Waynaad day gecko, is a species of gecko endemic to southern India. "
Ponmudi day gecko Ponmudi day gecko
( Cnemaspis nairi )
"The Ponmudi day gecko is a species of lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to India. "
Nilgiri day gecko Nilgiri day gecko
( Cnemaspis nilagirica )
"The Nilgiri day gecko is a species of gecko endemic to southern India. It was formerly known only from a single female specimen collected in 1885 that was misidentified as a variety of the Kandyan day gecko by George Albert Boulenger, who used it as a syntype for his description of the variety. After a living population was not reported for over 130 years, a live male was collected in 2019, marking the first collection of a male specimen of C. nilagirica. "
Ornate day gecko Ornate day gecko
( Cnemaspis ornata )
"The ornate day gecko is a species of gecko found in southern India. "
Sispara day gecko Sispara day gecko
( Cnemaspis sisparensis )
"The Sispara day gecko is a species of gecko found in the Nilgiri Hills of India. "
Wyanad day gecko Wyanad day gecko
( Cnemaspis wynadensis )
"The Wynad day gecko is a species of gecko. It is endemic to the Western Ghats in Kerala, India, and only known from two locations, Wayanad and Silent Valley National Park. "
Kollegal ground gecko Kollegal ground gecko
( Geckoella collegalensis )
"Cyrtodactylus collegalensis, also known as the Kollegal ground gecko or forest spotted gecko, is a species of gecko found in and around Mysore hills, at the junction of the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats, in South India. Recent taxonomic works and genetic studies revealed that the formerly-supposed genus is actually a subgenus of the widespread genus Cyrtodactylus. It is often confused with the forest spotted gecko. "
Four-clawed gecko Four-clawed gecko
( Gehyra mutilata )
"Gehyra mutilata, also known as the common four-clawed gecko, stump-toed gecko, tender-skinned house gecko, sugar gecko, Pacific gecko, or butiki, is a type of house gecko that is native to Southeast Asia and Australia. It has made its way to several areas of the world including Sri Lanka, Indochina, and many of the Pacific Islands. Compared to common house geckos, this gecko's appearance is somewhat plump, with delicate skin. The skin is usually colored a soft purplish/pinkish gray with golden spots on younger specimens; these spots eventually fade with age. "
Anaimalai gecko Anaimalai gecko
( Hemidactylus anamallensis )
"Hemidactylus anamallensis, also known as the Anamalay gecko or Anamalai Hill gecko, is a species of gecko found in the South Indian hills of Palni, Anamalai and Tirunelveli. It was formerly assigned to the genus Dravidogecko, with a suggestion of resurrection in 2003, as the study suggested molecular phylogenetics is to have had a separate origin from the other Hemidactylus species., but has not yet been widely adopted. "
Brooke's house gecko Brooke's house gecko
( Hemidactylus brookii )
"Hemidactylus brookii, commonly known as Brooke's house gecko or spotted house gecko, is a widespread species of gecko. "
Common house gecko Common house gecko
( Hemidactylus frenatus )
"The common house gecko, is a gecko native of Southeast Asia. It is also known as the Pacific house gecko, the Asian house gecko, wall gecko, house lizard, or moon lizard. "
Leschenault's leaf-toed gecko Leschenault's leaf-toed gecko
( Hemidactylus leschenaultii )
"Leschenault's leaf-toed gecko is a species of gecko, a lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to South Asia and parts of West Asia. It is often found inside homes. Its scientific name commemorates French botanist Jean Baptiste Leschenault de la Tour. "
Spotted leaf-toed gecko Spotted leaf-toed gecko
( Hemidactylus maculatus )
"Hemidactylus maculatus, also known as the spotted leaf-toed gecko or giant spotted gecko, is a species of large gecko found in the Western Ghats of India and in parts of Sri Lanka. "
Bombay leaf-toed gecko Bombay leaf-toed gecko
( Hemidactylus prashadi )
Hemidactylus prashadi, also known commonly as the Bombay leaf-toed gecko or Prashad's gecko, is a species of lizard in the family Gekkonidae. The species is endemic to the Western Ghats of India.
Reticulate leaf-toed gecko Reticulate leaf-toed gecko
( Hemidactylus reticulatus )
"The reticulate leaf-toed gecko is a species of terrestrial, nocturnal, insectivorous gecko found in rocky areas of South India. It takes refuge under stones on ground during day time and emerges out at night for its activities. "
Termite hill gecko Termite hill gecko
( Hemidactylus triedrus )
"Hemidactylus triedrus, also known as the termite hill gecko, Dakota's leaf-toed gecko, or blotched house gecko, is a species of gecko found in South Asia. The race lankae of Sri Lanka, is now given species status and known as Hemidactylus lankae "
Beddome's snake-eye/lacerta Beddome's snake-eye/lacerta
( Ophisops beddomei )
"Ophisops beddomei, commonly known as Beddome's snake-eye or Beddome’ s lacerta, is a species of lizard in the family Lacertidae. The is a diurnal and fast-moving terrestrial lizard, that is endemic to the Western Ghats of India. "
Leschenault's snake-eye/lacerta Leschenault's snake-eye/lacerta
( Ophisops leschenaultii )
"Ophisops leschenaultii, commonly called Leschenault's snake-eye, Leschenault’s lacerta, or Leschenault's cabrita, is a species of lacertid lizard endemic to India and eastern Sri Lanka. In Sri Lanka, this lizard is called Pandura katussa in Sinhala Language. In some parts of the country, it is also called Heeraluwa or sikanala, which is more common name for all skink-like reptiles. "
Five-fingered skink Five-fingered skink
( Chalcides pentadactylus )
"Chalcides pentadactylus, or Five-Fingered Skink, is a species of skink found in the Western Ghats of India. Females of other species of the genus are viviparous, meaning that they give birth to live young. Almost nothing is known of C. pentadactylus. It is only known from the holotype which is lost [ fide Smith 1935]. Due to the loss of the only known specimen the true identity and origin of this skink, and its correct generic assignment, must await the examination of fresh material. "
Boulenger's tree skink Boulenger's tree skink
( Dasia subcaeruleum )
"Boulenger's Dasia, Dasia subcaeruleum, is a species of tree skink endemic to the Western Ghats in south India. V"
Beddome's skink Beddome's skink
( Eutropis beddomii )
"Eutropis beddomei, commonly known as Beddome's skink, is a species of skink endemic to India and Sri Lanka. "
Bibron’s seashore skink Bibron’s seashore skink
( Eutropis bibronii )
"Eutropis bibronii is a species of skink, a lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to India and Sri Lanka. "
Golden skink Golden skink
( Eutropis carinata )
"Eutropis carinata, the keeled Indian mabuya, many-keeled grass skink or (ambiguously) ""golden skink"", is a species of skink found in South Asia. "
Mountain/Inger's skink Mountain/Inger's skink
( Eutropis clivicola )
"Eutropis clivicola, known as Inger's mabuya or mountain skink, is a species of skink found in India (Kerala). It was first formally described in 1984 as Mabuya clivicola. "
Bronze grass skink Bronze grass skink
( Eutropis macularia )
"The bronze grass skink or bronze mabuya is a species of skink found in South and Southeast Asia.. "

Beddome’s ground skink Beddome’s ground skink
( Kaestlea beddomii )
Taxonomic Notes: Lygosoma beddomei was described by Boulenger in 1887 based on material from Travancore Hills (Smith 1935).
Two-lined ground skink Two-lined ground skink
( Kaestlea bilineata )
"The two-lined ground skink is a species of skink. Distribution: India "
Side-spotted ground skink Side-spotted ground skink
( Kaestlea laterimaculata )
Ground skinks are small, slender lizards with long tails and short legs. ... are most often coppery brown with a darker stripe running along each side of the body.
Palni ground skink Palni ground skink
( Kaestlea palnica )
Taxonomic Notes: Kaestlea palnica was described by Boettger in 1892 as Lygosoma (Leiolopisma) travancoricum var. palnica based on specimens collected
Travancore ground skink Travancore ground skink
( Kaestlea travancorica )
"Kaestlea travancorica, also known as the Travancore ground skink or Barbour's ground skink, is a species of skink endemic to southern Western Ghats. "
White-spotted supple skink White-spotted supple skink
( Lygosoma albopunctatum )
"The white-spotted supple skink is a species of diurnal, terrestrial, insectivorous skink found in parts of tropical Asia. This species was first described by John Edward Gray based on type specimen collected by T. C. Jerdon from Madras, in the Coromandel Coast of South India. "
White-spotted supple skink White-spotted supple skink
( Lygosoma punctata )
"Lygosoma punctata is a species of skink found in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Vietnam and Sri Lanka. "
Beddome's cat skink Beddome's cat skink
( Ristella beddomii )
"Ristella beddomii, commonly known as Beddome's cat skink, is a species of skink, a lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to southwestern India. "
Gunther's cat skink Gunther's cat skink
( Ristella guentheri )
"Ristella guentheri, commonly known as Günther's ristella, is a species of skink, a lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to India. "
Rurk’s cat skink Rurk’s cat skink
( Ristella rurkii )
"Ristella rurkii, commonly known as Rurk's ristella, is a species of skink endemic to the Western Ghats of southern India. It is a small, insectivorous, diurnal skink found in shola grasslands and rainforests of hills ranges in parts of Tamil Nadu and Kerala states of India. "
Travancore cat skink Travancore cat skink
( Ristella travancorica )
"Ristella travancorica, commonly known as the Travancore cat skink or the Travancore Ristella, is a species of skink endemic to the Western Ghats in India. "
Dussumier's forest skink Dussumier's forest skink
( Sphenomorphus dussumieri )
"Sphenomorphus dussumieri, commonly known as Dussumier's forest skink, is a species of skink, a lizard in the family Scincidae. The species is endemic to southern India. "
Bengal/Indian monitor Bengal/Indian monitor
( Varanus bengalensis )
"The Bengal monitor or common Indian monitor, is a monitor lizard found widely distributed over the Indian Subcontinent, as well as parts of Southeast Asia and West Asia. This large lizard is mainly terrestrial, and its length can range from about 61 to 175 cm from the tip of the snout to the end of the tail. Young monitors may be more arboreal, but adults mainly hunt on the ground, preying mainly on arthropods, but also taking small terrestrial vertebrates, ground birds, eggs and fish. Although large monitors have few predators apart from humans who hunt them for meat, younger individuals are hunted by many predators. "
Marine file snake Marine file snake
( Acrochordus granulatus )
"Acrochordus granulatus is a snake species found from India through Southeast Asia to the Solomon Islands. It is known as the little file snake, marine file snake, and little wart snake. It is completely aquatic and almost helpless on land. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Gunther's vine snake Gunther's vine snake
( Ahaetulla dispar )
"Ahaetulla dispar, the Gunther's vine snake, is a species of tree snake endemic to the Western Ghats. It is primarily restricted to the Shola forests of the Southern Western Ghats where it is found often on high-elevation montane grasslands and the low shrub belts. "
Green vine snake Green vine snake
( Ahaetulla nasuta )
"Ahaetulla nasuta, also known as common vine snake and long-nosed whip snake, is a slender green tree snake found in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Burma, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. "
Western Ghats bronzeback Western Ghats bronzeback
( Ahaetulla perroteti )
"Ahaetulla perroteti, known commonly as the bronze-headed vine snake, Perrotet's vine snake, or the Western Ghats bronzeback, is a species of mildly venomous, rear-fanged snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to the Western Ghats in South India. "
Brown vine snake Brown vine snake
( Ahaetulla pulverulenta )
"Brown-speckled whipsnake or brown vine snake is a species of tree snake found in India, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka. It is known as හෙනකදයා (henakadaya) in Sinhala; this name provided the name anaconda. "
Banded racer Banded racer
( Argyrogena fasciolata )
"The banded racer is a species of colubrid snake, the genus Argyrogena. "
Beddome's cat snake Beddome's cat snake
( Boiga beddomei )
"Boiga beddomei, commonly known as Beddome's cat snake, is a species of rear-fanged snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to India and Sri Lanka. "
Sri Lanka cat snake Sri Lanka cat snake
( Boiga ceylonensis )
"Boiga ceylonensis is a species of colubrid snake found in Sri Lanka and the Western Ghats of India. "
Pirmad cat snake Pirmad cat snake
( Boiga dightoni )
"Boiga dightoni, commonly known as the Pirmad cat snake or the Travancore cat snake, is a species of rear-fanged colubrid endemic to the Western Ghats of India. "
Forsten's cat snake Forsten's cat snake
( Boiga forsteni )
"Boiga forsteni, also known as Forsten's cat snake, is a species of mildly venomous rear-fanged colubrid endemic to South Asia. "
Collared cat snake Collared cat snake
( Boiga nuchalis )
"Collared Cat Snake, Boiga nuchalis is a species of nocturnal, tree-dwelling, rear-fanged colubrid snake endemic to southwestern India. "
Common cat snake Common cat snake
( Boiga trigonata )
"Boiga trigonata, commonly known as the Indian gamma snake or common cat snake, is a species of rear-fanged colubrid endemic to South Asia. "
Golden tree snake Golden tree snake
( Chrysopelea ornata )
"Chrysopelea ornata is a colubrid snake found in both South and Southeast Asia. It is, along with the other species in its genus Chrysopelea, very unusual in that it is capable of a type of gliding flight. It is also rear-fanged. Currently, three subspecies are recognized. The snake's striking looks and capability of gliding make it a popular choice for captivity. "
Trinket snake Trinket snake
( Coelognathus helena )
"The trinket snake is a nonvenomous constrictor species of colubrid snake native to south Central Asia. "
Ashok's bronzeback Ashok's bronzeback
( Dendrelaphis ashoki )
Dendrelaphis grandoculis commonly called as the large-eyed bronzeback is a species of ... Southern bronzeback.
Southern bronzeback Southern bronzeback
( Dendrelaphis chairecaeos/chairecacos )
Dendrelaphis is a genus of colubrid snakes, distributed from Pakistan, India and southern China to Indonesia, Timor-Leste, the Philippines, Australia, New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. There are over forty described species. Asian species are known as bronzebacks, while the Australo-Papuan ...
Giri's bronzeback Giri's bronzeback
( Dendrelaphis girii )
"Dendrelaphis girii, or Giri's bronzeback tree snake, is a species of diurnal, arboreal, Colubrid snake endemic to the Western Ghats of southwestern India. "
Large-eyed bronzeback Large-eyed bronzeback
( Dendrelaphis grandoculis )
"Dendrelaphis grandoculis commonly called as the large-eyed bronzeback is a species of Colubrid snake endemic to the Western Ghats of southwestern India. "
Common bronzeback Common bronzeback
( Dendrelaphis tristis )
"Dendrelaphis tristis is a species of tree-snake found in South Asia. "
Calamaria reed snake Calamaria reed snake
( Liopeltis calamaria )
"Calamaria Reed Snake is a species of snake found in some parts of South Asia. "
Indian wolf snake Indian wolf snake
( Lycodon aulicus )
"Lycodon aulicus, commonly known as the Indian wolf snake, is a species of nonvenomous snake found in South Asia and Southeast Asia. Early naturalists have suggested its resemblance to the venomous common krait as an instance of Batesian mimicry. "
Bridal snake Bridal snake
( Lycodon nympha )
"The Vellore bridle snake is a species of snake found in southern India and Sri Lanka. The yellow mark on the back of the head suggests a bridal veil. Bridle snakes are so named because of the resemblance of their slim bodies to the reins or 'bridle' used to control horses. "
Barred wolf snake Barred wolf snake
( Lycodon striatus )
"Lycodon striatus, commonly known as the northern wolf snake or the barred wolf snake, is a species of nonvenomous colubrid snake from southern Asia. "
Travancore wolf snake Travancore wolf snake
( Lycodon travancoricus )
"Lycodon travancoricus, commonly known as the Travancore wolf snake, is a species of colubrid snake endemic to Peninsular India. "
Western kukri Western kukri
( Oligodon affinis )
"The western kukri is a non-venomous species of snake found mainly on the forest floor in the Western Ghats mountain range of India, usually south of the Goa Gap, a pass in the mountain range. The snakes are brown above with a dark brownish patch on the head that appears like a bird silhouette on the head. The underside is patterned in yellow and black. "
Banded kukri Banded kukri
( Oligodon arnensis )
"The common kukri snake or banded kukri, Oligodon arnensis, is a species of nonvenomous colubrid found in Sri Lanka, India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Bhutan and Nepal. "
Shorthead kukri Shorthead kukri
( Oligodon brevicauda )
"Oligodon brevicauda, the shorthead kukri snake, is a species of snake found in the Western Ghats of India. "
Streaked kukri Streaked kukri
( Oligodon taeniolatus )
"Streaked Kukri Snake (Oligodon taeniolatus) is a species of nonvenomous snake found in Asia. Also known as the Variegated Kukri or the Russell's Kukri. "
Travancore kukri Travancore kukri
( Oligodon travancoricus )
Scincella travancorica (Beddome,1870). Kaestlea travancorica, also known as the Travancore ground skink or Barbour's ground skink, …
Jerdon's kukri Jerdon's kukri
( Oligodon venustus )
"Oligodon venustus, commonly known as Jerdon's Kukri Snake, is a species of snake found in the Western Ghats of India. "
Indian rat snake Indian rat snake
( Ptyas mucosa )
"Ptyas mucosa, commonly known as the oriental ratsnake, Indian rat snake, 'darash' or dhaman, ghora pachar( घोड़ा पछाड़)is a common species of colubrid snake found in parts of South and Southeast Asia. Dhamans are large snakes. Typical mature total length is around 1.5 to 1.95 m though specimens exceeding 2 m are often not uncommon. The record sized length for this species was recorded as 3.7 m, second in size perhaps only to their cousin Ptyas carinata among all known living colubrid snakes. Despite their large size, oriental ratsnakes are usually quite slender with even a specimen of 2 m commonly measuring 4 to 6 cm only around in diameter. Furthermore, the average weight of ratsnakes caught in Java was around 877 to 940 g, though larger males of over 2.3 m may easily weigh over 2.5 kg (5.5 lb). Their colour varies from pale browns in dry regions to nearly black in moist forest areas. Dhamans are diurnal, semi-arboreal, non-venomous, and fast-moving. Dhamans eat a variety of prey and are frequently found in urban areas where rodents thrive. "
Olive forest snake Olive forest snake
( Rhabdops olivaceus )
"The olive trapezoid snake or olive forest snake is a rare and little-known nonvenomous snake endemic to the Western Ghats of India. This species is found in damp steamsides within rainforests and is distributed from Palghat in Kerala to the Malanad area of Karnataka. It is a docile, placid snake and is said to be semiaquatic, feeding on small, soft-bodied animals. In habits, it is more frequently seen during the rains, both day or night. "
Duméril's black-headed snake Duméril's black-headed snake
( Sibynophis subpunctatus )
"Sibynophis subpunctatus, commonly known as Duméril's black-headed snake or Jerdon's many-toothed snake, is a species of nonvenomous colubrid snake endemic to Bangladesh, India and Sri Lanka. "
Russell's boa Russell's boa
( Eryx conicus )
"Gongylophis conicus, also known as Russell's boa or the rough-scaled sand boa, is a species of nonvenomous snake in the subfamily Erycinae of the family Boidae. The species is endemic to India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. There are no subspecies which are recognised as being valid. "
Indian sand boa Indian sand boa
( Eryx johnii )
"Eryx johnii is a species of nonvenomous snake in the subfamily Erycinae of the family Boidae. The species is endemic to Iran, Pakistan, and India. There are no subspecies which are recognized as valid. "
Whitaker's sand boa Whitaker's sand boa
( Eryx whitakeri )
"Eryx whitakeri is a nonvenomous boa species endemic to coastal southern India. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Common krait Common krait
( Bungarus caeruleus )
"The common krait, also known as Indian krait or blue krait is a species of venomous snake of the genus Bungarus found in the Indian subcontinent. It is a member of the ""big four"" species, inflicting the most snakebites on humans in India. "
Beddome's coral snake Beddome's coral snake
( Calliophis beddomei )
"Beddome's coral snake is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is endemic to hills of peninsular India. "
Bibron's coral snake Bibron's coral snake
( Calliophis bibroni )
"Calliophis bibroni, commonly known as Bibron's coral snake, is a species of venomous snake in the family Elapidae. The species is native to India. "
Indian coral snake Indian coral snake
( Calliophis melanurus )
"Calliophis melanurus, commonly known as the slender coral snake, is a species of venomous elapid snake endemic to the Indian subcontinent. Two subspecies are recognized, including the nominotypical subspecies. "
Black coral snake Black coral snake
( Calliophis nigrescens )
"Calliophis nigriscens, commonly known as the black coral snake or striped coral snake, is a species of venomous elapid snake endemic to the Western Ghats, India. "
Short sea snake Short sea snake
( Hydrophis curtus )
"Hydrophis curtus, also known as Shaw's Sea Snake, short sea snake, but often includes Hydrophis hardwickii is a species of sea snake. Like all Hydrophiinae sea snakes, it is a viviparous, fully marine, and front fanged elapid that is highly venomous. It is collected for a variety of purposes including human and animal food, for medicinal purposes and for their skin. "
Cochin-banded sea snake Cochin-banded sea snake
( Hydrophis ornatus )
"Hydrophis ornatus, commonly known as the ornate reef sea snake, is a species of venomous sea snake in the family Elapidae. "
Yellow-bellied sea snake Yellow-bellied sea snake
( Hydrophis platurus )
"The yellow-bellied sea snake is a venomous species of snake from the subfamily Hydrophiinae found in tropical oceanic waters around the world except for the Atlantic Ocean. For many years, it was placed in the monotypic genus Pelamis, but recent molecular evidence indicates it lies within the genus Hydrophis. "

Hook-nosed sea snake Hook-nosed sea snake
( Hydrophis schistosus )
"Enhydrina schistosa, commonly known as the beaked sea snake,, hook-nosed sea snake, common sea snake, or the Valakadyn sea snake, is a highly venomous species of sea snake common throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific. This species is implicated in more than 50% of all bites caused by sea snakes, as well as the majority of envenomings and fatalities. "
Indian cobra Indian cobra
( Naja naja )
"The Indian cobra, also known as the spectacled cobra, Asian cobra, or binocellate cobra, is a species of the genus Naja found, in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, and Bhutan, and a member of the ""big four"" species that inflict the most snakebites on humans in India. It is distinct from the king cobra which belongs to the monotypic genus Ophiophagus. The Indian cobra is revered in Indian mythology and culture, and is often seen with snake charmers. It is now protected in India under the Indian Wildlife Protection Act (1972). "
King cobra King cobra
( Ophiophagus hannah )
"The king cobra, also known as the hamadryad, is a venomous snake species in the family Elapidae, endemic to forests from India through Southeast Asia. It is threatened by habitat destruction and has been listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 2010. It is the world's longest venomous snake. Adult king cobras are 3.18 to 4 m long. The longest known individual measured 5.85 m (19.2 ft). It is the sole member of the genus Ophiophagus. It preys chiefly on other snakes and occasionally on some other vertebrates, such as lizards and rodents. It is a highly venomous and dangerous snake when agitated or provoked that has a fearsome reputation in its range, although it is typically shy and avoids confrontation with humans when possible. The king cobra is a prominent symbol in the mythology and folk traditions of India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar. It is the national reptile of India. "
Beddome's worm snake Beddome's worm snake
( Gerrhopilus beddomii )
"Beddome's worm snake is a species of harmless blind snake in the family Gerrhopilidae. The species is endemic to southern India. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Thurston's worm snake Thurston's worm snake
( Gerrhopilus thurstoni )
"Thurston's worm snake is a harmless blind snake species found in western India. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Tindall's worm snake Tindall's worm snake
( Gerrhopilus tindalli )
"Gerrhopilus tindalli, also known as the Nilgiri Hills worm snake or Tindall's worm snake, is a harmless blind snake species found in southern India. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Dog-faced water snake Dog-faced water snake
( Cerberus rynchops )
"Cerberus rynchops, also known as the New Guinea bockadam, South Asian bockadam, bockadam snake, or dog-faced water snake, is a mildly venomous species of a snake in the family Homalopsidae. It is native to coastal waters of South and Southeast Asia. The species was re-delimited in 2012, allocating populations east and south of the west coast of Thailand to other species. "
Dussumier's water snake Dussumier's water snake
( Dieurostus dussumierii )
The genus Dieurostus is monotypic, containing only the species Dieurostus dussumieri, commonly known as Dussumier's water snake. The species, which is mildly venomous and rear-fanged, is endemic to Kerala, in southwestern India. It is also found in Bangladesh.
Gerard's water snake Gerard's water snake
( Gerarda prevostiana )
"Gerarda prevostiana, commonly known as the cat-eyed water snake, Gerard's water snake, or the glossy marsh snake, is a species of snake in the family Homalopsidae. The species is endemic to Asia. It is the only species in the genus Gerarda. "
Split keelback Split keelback
( Atretium schistosum )
Atretium schistosum, the split keelback or olive keelback snake, is a species of snake found in South Asia. It is a common and harmless watersnake.
Buff striped keelback Buff striped keelback
( Amphiesma stolatum )
"The buff striped keelback is a species of nonvenomous colubrid snake found across Asia. It is the sole species of genus Amphiesma. It is a typically nonaggressive snake that feeds on frogs and toads. It belongs to the subfamily Natricinae, and is closely related to water snakes and grass snakes. It resembles an Asian version of the American garter snake. It is quite a common snake but is rarely seen. "
Beddome’s keelback Beddome’s keelback
( Hebius beddomei )
"The Nilgiri keelback or Beddome's keelback is a species of snake found in the Western Ghats in India. The species is named after Richard Henry Beddome, 1830–1911, British army officer and botanist. It was first discovered near the Nilgiris but is now known more widely from the Western Ghats. This snake is terrestrial and feeds on toads. "
Hill keelback Hill keelback
( Hebius monticola )
"Hebius monticola is a harmless colubrid snake species endemic to the Western Ghats of India. They are especially well known from the Kodagu and Wayanad regions of the Western Ghats. "
Green keelback Green keelback
( Rhabdophis plumbicolor )
"Rhabdophis plumbicolor, commonly known as the green keelback or the lead keelback, is a species of nonvenomous snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to parts of Asia. "
Checkered keelback Checkered keelback
( Fowlea piscator )
"The checkered keelback, also known commonly as the Asiatic water snake, is a common species of nonvenomous snake in the subfamily Natricinae of the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to Asia. "
Indian python Indian python
( Python molurus )
"Python molurus is a large, nonvenomous python species native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is known by the common names Indian python, black-tailed python, Indian rock python, and Asian rock python. It is generally lighter colored than the Burmese python and reaches usually 3 m (9.8 ft). "
Beak-nosed blind snake Beak-nosed blind snake
( Gryptotyphlops acutus )
"Grypotyphlops acutus, also known as the beaked worm snake, beaked blind snake, or beak-nosed worm snake, is a harmless blind snake species endemic to peninsular India. No subspecies are currently recognized. V"
Brahminy blind snake Brahminy blind snake
( Indotyphlops braminus )
"Indotyphlops braminus, commonly known as the brahminy blind snake and other names, is a nonvenomous blind snake species found mostly in Africa and Asia, but has been introduced in many other parts of the world. They are completely fossorial animals, with habits and appearance similar to earthworms, for which they are often mistaken, although close examination reveals tiny scales rather than the annular segments characteristic of true earthworms. The specific name is a Latinized form of the word Brahmin, which is a varna (caste) among Hindus. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Wall's shield tail Wall's shield tail
( Teretrurus rhodogaster )
"Teretrurus rhodogaster is a species of nonvenomous shield tail snake, endemic to the Western Ghats of India. It is known as Wall's shield tail snake, Palni Mountain burrowing snake, or red-bellied shieldtail. "
Two-lined black shieldtail Two-lined black shieldtail
( Melanophidium bilineatum )
"Melanophidium bilineatum, commonly known as the two-lined black shieldtail or iridescent shieldtail, is a species of snake endemic to India. This species was known from only three specimens and very little information is available of it in the wild. "
Beddome's black shieldtail Beddome's black shieldtail
( Melanophidium punctatum )
"Melanophidium punctatum, commonly known as Beddome's black shieldtail or Beddome's black earth snake, is a species of shieldtail snake endemic to the Western Ghats of India. "
Indian black earth snake Indian black earth snake
( Melanophidium wynaudense )
"Melanophidium wynaudense, commonly known as the Indian black earth snake, is a species of snake in the family Uropeltidae. The species is endemic to India. "
Travancore Hills thorntail Travancore Hills thorntail
( Platyplectrurus madurensis )
"Platyplectrurus madurensis, commonly known as the Travancore Hills thorntail snake, Palni purple-brown worm thorntail snake, or Madurai shieldtail, is a species of uropeltid snake. It is found in southern India and, depending on the source, Sri Lanka. "
Lined thorntail Lined thorntail
( Platyplectrurus trilineatus )
"Platyplectrurus trilineatus, commonly known as the Tri-striped shieldtail snake or the lined thorntail snake, is a species of uropeltid snake endemic to the Western Ghats of Southern India. Like most other shieldtail snakes, it is presumed to be a nocturnal, fossorial snake inhabiting evergreen forests. A very rare snake, about which nothing is known in terms of live colouration and natural history. "
Kerala burrowing snake Kerala burrowing snake
( Plectrurus aureus )
"Plectrurus aureus, commonly known as the Kerala burrowing snake or Kerala shieldtail, is a species of uropeltid snake endemic to India. "
Günther's burrowing snake Günther's burrowing snake
( Plectrurus guentheri )
"Plectrurus guentheri, commonly known as Günther's burrowing snake, is a species of snake in the family Uropeltidae. The species is endemic to the Western Ghats of India. "
Nilgiri burrowing snake Nilgiri burrowing snake
( Plectrurus perrotetii )
"Plectrurus perrotetii, commonly known as the Nilgiri burrowing snake or Perrotet's shieldtail, is a species of harmless snake in the family Uropeltidae. The species is endemic to India. "
Cardamom Hills earth snake Cardamom Hills earth snake
( Rhinophis fergusonianus )
"Rhinophis fergusonianus, commonly known as the Cardamom Hills earth snake, is a species of uropeltid snake endemic to the Western Ghats, India. "
Red-bellied shieldtail Red-bellied shieldtail
( Rhinophis sanguineus )
"Rhinophis sanguineus, commonly known as the salty earth snake, is a species of uropeltid snake found in the Western Ghats of India. "
travancore shieldtail travancore shieldtail
( Rhinophis travancoricus )
"Rhinophis travancoricus, commonly known as the Travancore shieldtail or Tamil Nadu earth snake, is a species of uropeltid snake endemic to India. "
Purple-red earth snake Purple-red earth snake
( Teretrurus sanguineus )
"The purple-red earth snake is a species of nonvenomous shield tail snake, endemic to southern India. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Thirunelveli earth snake Thirunelveli earth snake
( Uropeltis arcticeps )
"Uropeltis arcticeps, commonly known as the Madurai earth snake or the Tinevelly uropeltis, is a species of snake in the family Uropeltidae endemic to India. "
Beddome's earth snake Beddome's earth snake
( Uropeltis beddomii )
"Uropeltis beddomii, commonly known as Beddome's earth snake, is a species of snake in the family Uropeltidae. The species is endemic to India. "
Kerala shieldtail Kerala shieldtail
( Uropeltis ceylanica )
"Uropeltis ceylanica is a nonvenomous shield tail snake species endemic to the Western Ghats of South India. No subspecies are currently recognized; but the presence of several synonyms, many recently resurrected, calls for further taxonomic studies of this species complex. "
Elliot's earth snake Elliot's earth snake
( Uropeltis ellioti )
"Uropeltis ellioti, commonly known as Elliot's earth snake, is a species of snake in the family Uropeltidae. The species is endemic to India. "
Violet shieldtail Violet shieldtail
( Uropeltis grandis )
"Smith's earth snake, also known as the violet shieldtail, is a species of nonvenomous shieldtail snake. It is endemic to India. "
Gunther's earth snake Gunther's earth snake
( Uropeltis liura )
"Uropeltis liura, commonly known as Günther's earth snake, is a species of snake in the family Uropeltidae. It is endemic to India. "
Anaimalai earth snake Anaimalai earth snake
( Uropeltis macrorhyncha )
"Uropeltis macrorhyncha is a nonvenomous shield tail snake species endemic to India. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Spotted earth snake Spotted earth snake
( Uropeltis maculata )
"Uropeltis maculata is a nonvenomous shield tail snake species endemic to southern India. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Boulenger's earth snake Boulenger's earth snake
( Uropeltis myhendrae )
"Uropeltis myhendrae, commonly known as Boulenger's earth snake or the Myhendra Mountain Uropeltis, is a species of snake in the family Uropeltidae. It is endemic to India. "
Southern earth snake Southern earth snake
( Uropeltis nitida )
"Uropeltis nitida is a species of nonvenomous shield tail snake. It is endemic to southern India. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Nilgiri shieldtail Nilgiri shieldtail
( Uropeltis ocellata )
"Uropeltis ocellata is a non-venomous shield tail snake species found in southern India. "
Peter's shieldtail Peter's shieldtail
( Uropeltis petersi )
"Uropeltis petersi, commonly known as the Peter's earth snake, is a species of nonvenomous snake in the family Uropeltidae. It is endemic to India. "
Palni shieldtail Palni shieldtail
( Uropeltis pulneyensis )
"Uropeltis pulneyensis, commonly known as the Palni shieldtail, is a species of uropeltid snake endemic to the Western Ghats of India. "
Red-lined shieldtail Red-lined shieldtail
( Uropeltis rubrolineata )
"Uropeltis rubrolineata is a nonvenomous shield tail snake species endemic to southern India. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Red-spotted shieldtail) Red-spotted shieldtail)
( Uropeltis rubromaculata/rubromaculatus )
"Uropeltis rubromaculata is a nonvenomous shield tail snake species endemic to southern India. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Wood-Mason's earth snake Wood-Mason's earth snake
( Uropeltis woodmasoni )
"Uropeltis woodmasoni, commonly known as Wood-Mason's earth snake, is a species of snake in the family Uropeltidae. The species is endemic to India. "
Russell's viper Russell's viper
( Daboia russelii )
"Russell's viper is a species of venomous snake in the family Viperidae of venomous Old World vipers. It is found in Asia throughout the Indian subcontinent, much of Southeast Asia, southern China and Taiwan. The species is named for Patrick Russell (1726–1805), a Scottish herpetologist who first described many of India's snakes, and the name of the genus is from the Hindi word meaning ""that lies hid"", or ""the lurker"". In Bengali this snake is called chandroborha since it carries lenticular or more precisely lunar marks all over its body. In Marathi this snake is called Ghonas. Apart from being a member of the big four snakes in India, Daboia is also one of the genera responsible for causing the most snakebite incidents and deaths among all venomous snakes on account of many factors, such as their wide distribution, generally aggressive demeanor, and frequent occurrence in highly populated areas. "
Saw-scaled viper Saw-scaled viper
( Echis carinatus )
"Echis carinatus is a venomous viper species found in parts of the Middle East and Central Asia, and especially the Indian subcontinent. It is the smallest member of the big four snakes that are responsible for causing the most snakebite cases and deaths, due to various factors including their frequent occurrence in highly populated regions, and their inconspicuous nature. Five subspecies are currently recognized, including the nominate subspecies described here. "
Hump-nosed viper Hump-nosed viper
( Hypnale hypnale )
"Hypnale hypnale is a venomous pit viper species endemic to India and Sri Lanka. Common names include the hump-nosed viper, Merrem's hump-nosed viper and others listed below at § Common names. "
Bamboo pit viper Bamboo pit viper
( Trimeresurus gramineus )
"Trimeresurus gramineus, known as the bamboo pit viper, Indian green pit viper, or common green pit viper, is a venomous pit viper species found in the southern and north eastern parts of India. It is the type species for the genus Trimeresurus. "
Large-scaled pit viper Large-scaled pit viper
( Trimeresurus macrolepis )
"Trimeresurus macrolepis, commonly known as the large-scaled pitviper is a venomous pitviper species endemic to the Southern Western Ghats of South India. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Malabar pit viper Malabar pit viper
( Trimeresurus malabaricus )
"Trimeresurus malabaricus, commonly known as Malabar pit viper, Malabar rock pit viper, or rock viper, is a venomous pit viper species endemic to the Western Ghats of southwestern India. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Horseshoe pit viper Horseshoe pit viper
( Trimeresurus strigatus )
"Trimeresurus strigatus, commonly known as the horseshoe pitviper, is a venomous pitviper endemic to the Western Ghats. No subspecies are currently recognized. "
Captain's wood snake Captain's wood snake
( Xylophis captaini )
"Captain's wood snake is a species of snake described in 2007, which is endemic to India. "
Perrotet's mountain snake Perrotet's mountain snake
( Xylophis perroteti )
"Xylophis perroteti, commonly known as Perrotet's mountain snake and the striped narrow-headed snake, is a species of snake in the family Pareidae. The species is endemic to the Western Ghats of India. "
Gunther's mountain snake Gunther's mountain snake
( Xylophis stenorhynchus )
"Xylophis stenorhynchus is a species of snake found in the Western Ghats of India. "

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